What should be done to check for chronic nephritis

Chronic nephritis can occur at any age , but mainly young middle-aged men more common . Most of the slow onset , insidious .

一、What do chronic nephritis check it ?

1. Urine

Low specific gravity , mostly below 1.020 , the disease often fixed at 1.010 in the late . Urinary protein trace +++ range . Urine often erythrocyte and tube ( granular tube , transparent tube ) . Acute exacerbation of significant hematuria or gross hematuria .

2. Blood test

Often mild and moderate positive pigment anemia , red blood cells and hemoglobin decreased in proportion , ESR faster , may have hypoproteinemia , serum electrolytes generally no obvious abnormalities .

3. Kidney function test

Glomerular filtration rate , reduced endogenous creatinine clearance , elevated blood urea nitrogen and creatinine , renal staging mostly compensated , phenol red excretion test and urine concentration and dilution are diminished .

二、Chronic nephritis symptoms

1. Swelling

In the course of the disease , most patients experience varying degrees of swelling . Swelling can be mild and severe , light only wake up in the morning and found around the eyes , facial swelling or afternoon double lower extremity ankle swelling . Severe patients , there may be systemic swelling . However , there are very few patients who do not always have swelling throughout the course of their illness and are often easily overlooked .

2. Hypertension

Some patients come to the hospital with symptoms of high blood pressure , the doctor asked them to test urine , did not know is caused by chronic nephritis high blood pressure . For patients with chronic nephritis , the occurrence of hypertension is a matter of course , its blood pressure can be sustained or intermittent , and to diastolic blood pressure ( higher than 12.7kPa ) is characterized by the degree of hypertension there is a great individual difference , light only 18.7-21.3/12.7-13.3kPa , severe cased can even exceed 26.7/14.7kPa .

3. Abnormal urine changes

Abnormal urine is almost an essential phenomenon in patients with chronic nephritis , including changes in urine output and microscopic examination of the abnormalities . Patients with swelling will appear to reduce urine output , and the more severe swelling , the more obvious decrease in urine output , urine swelling in patients with most of the normal . When the patient’s kidneys were severely damaged , urinary concentration-dilution dysfunction occurs , there will be increased nocturnal urine output and urine specific gravity and other phenomena . The urine of patients with chronic nephritis microscopic observation , you can fine almost all patients have proteinuria , urinary protein content ranging from + to ++++ . Urine sediment can be seen ranging from varying degrees of red blood cells , white blood cells , granular tube , transparent tube . When the acute attack , there may be significant hematuria , or even gross hematuria . In addition , patients with chronic nephritis will also appear dizziness , insomnia , poor mental fatigue , impatience fatigue , varying degrees of anemia and other clinical symptoms .